[RADIOLAB INTRO]

JAD ABUMRAD: Hey this is Jad from Radiolab. So we were not planning on releasing a podcast today, but then, Friday happened.

[NEWS CLIP: The federal government tonight outlining an elaborate, expensive and extraordinary assault on US democracy.]

[NEWS CLIP: Thirteen Russian nationals and three Russian companies accused of a massive effort.]

JAD: Unless you've been living under a rock for the past three days, you've probably heard that special counsel, Robert Mueller, guy that President Trump keeps accusing of being engaged in a witch hunt, he has handed down some indictments.

[NEWS CLIP: The defendants have allegedly conducted what they call 'information warfare' against the United States.]

[NEWS CLIP: They say the Russians were right here in the US, too.]

[NEWS CLIP: The indictment says the Russians tried to create chaos, going so far as to travel to key states.]

[NEWS CLIP: The Russians allegedly sent operatives to America, traveling throughout nine states.]

JAD: You know the picture that you get from the indictment is that there was this sort of like shadowy network of Russian nationals that had infiltrated the country with the idea of sowing chaos in the run up to the 2016 election. And we just sort of wondered very simply like, who are these Russians? And who are these Americans who were manipulated? How did—how did it work? How do they feel about things now? So what we decided to do for this podcast, just because we were curious, and just because, you know, it's fun for a podcast like ours to do fast turnaround stuff on occasion, we decided to see what we could find out. Producer Simon Adler takes it from here.

SIMON ADLER: Hey Charles, are you there?

CHARLES MAYNES: Good. Hey, how you doing, Simon?

SIMON: I'm doing all right. Little sleepy, but other than that I'm good.

SIMON: So not too long ago I got in touch with this radio producer-reporter based in Moscow by the name of Charles Maynes.

CHARLES MAYNES: Do you want to do video, just say hello?

SIMON: Yeah that'd be great. I'm in sort of my pajamas, but yeah.

CHARLES MAYNES: Yeah, that's fine. Pajamas.

SIMON: It was like, three in the morning New York time. But anyways, the reason I got in touch with him was to have him help facilitate and interpret an interview with this guy.

VITALY BESPALOV: Hi. My name is Vitaly Bespalov. I'm from Russia, I'm from St. Petersburg. I'm sorry, I'm—I really bad speak English.

SIMON: Oh no, don't worry about it. That's why that's what we got Charles for.

VITALY BESPALOV: Yes, yes, yes. Thank you, Charles, for translating.

SIMON: Okay, great. Yeah. So yeah let's just start with, like, where are you from originally? I'm just curious, like, a little bit about who you are.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: Well, so Vitaly Bespalov, I mean, he's a kid from a small town in Siberia.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: A small town near Kazakhstan. And he said from an early age, it was clear that he just didn't really fit in up there.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: He had blue hair for a time, dressed like a goth.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: And to be this kind of alternative character in Siberia is not an easy thing. I mean, he would tell these stories about walking down the street.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: These kind of tough guys with short haircuts were calling him faggot.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: And so when gets a chance to get out, he does.

SIMON: He moves to St. Petersburg, considered one of the most liberal cities in Russia. And he moves there not looking for just any job, but specifically to be a journalist.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: Which he really felt was his calling.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: He refers to journalists as, like, superheroes, or Batman.

CHARLES MAYNES: You know, so he heads to St. Petersburg. And he thinks he's all set up. He's got a job with a local website. He's gonna do some editing for them, maybe a little writing. But right away, within short order I believe, the story is their business dried up and so did the newspaper, and suddenly Vitaly is out of a job.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: And so it's kind of a crisis moment.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: So he starts looking around. And as he describes it he gets up every day, he starts sending out all these resumes.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: You know, doing searches, just to find anybody who will do anything that will let him use his writing skills, just trying to find something to do with text.

SIMON: Until finally, after almost a month of this ...

CHARLES MAYNES: He comes across this one ad that's—it's not really clear what they're offering or who's offering it, but it mentions that there's some copy editing to be done, some writing. And the pay scale seems a lot higher. It's—they're promising double the money that most people are offered for working in journalism in Russia. And right away he just thought this was just weird but, you know, of course he's interested. How could he not be?

SIMON: Yeah.

CHARLES MAYNES: And so he—he places a call.

SIMON: Now it's worth noting everything that is about to happen to Vitaly we—we weren't able to fact check 100 percent, but that being said, it does line up squarely with what others have reported. So anyway, fast forward a couple days. He ends up having an interview and they offer him the job, which he accepts. All the while, still not really knowing what the heck it is that he will be doing.

CHARLES MAYNES: Exactly. It's just not really clear what—what it is.

SIMON: Okay, so tell me about that first day, like ...

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: He goes in, and he describes initially just going into the—entering into the foyer of the building, into the entrance.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: The building itself is cement, four stories tall. And the security is—is oddly strict. Like, when he went up to them, they required him to hand over a bunch of documents like his passport just to get in.

CHARLES MAYNES: That's his first impression.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: Eventually, his boss shows up, this woman named Anna. She walks him down the halls, and he says the whole place had, like, the feel of a hospital.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: Long corridors with little rooms to the left and right, people behind keyboards working on computers.

SIMON: And it's almost completely silent except for the tapping of fingers on keys. Anyway, eventually they duck into a room. Anna shows him his desk, and this is finally when he gets a sense of what exactly is going on. Anna sits him down and says ...

CHARLES MAYNES: "We're doing news about Ukraine. We just want you to write articles." It was 20 articles a day he had to do, sort of massage the text for.

SIMON: But the thing is, these didn't have to be brand new articles. Instead he was told ...

CHARLES MAYNES: Essentially, take this article that's been already written, somebody else's article, and add to it and then change the contents so that it's 70 percent original.

SIMON: So what's important to know here is this was 2014, and Ukraine was in the early days of war.

[NEWS CLIP: The apocalyptic scene in central Kiev tonight.]

[NEWS CLIP: This morning Kiev again awoke to the sound of gunfire.]

SIMON: A civil war that Russia wanted to influence the outcome of. And to do so they started experimenting with this new form of propaganda.

CHARLES MAYNES: That's right. What you saw was this, you know, campaign that was going on on two fronts. On the one hand, you had state media, you know, this pro-government media here.

SIMON: Being broadcast from Russia into Ukraine, spinning the narrative for those watching it.

CHARLES MAYNES: But then you have a certain amount of the population that perhaps doesn't watch state media. And this was where you get into this effort to kind of plug the holes in this story online.

SIMON: And this ...

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: ... is what Vitaly had been hired to do.

CHARLES MAYNES: To—you know, to steal that story.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: You know, they told him to take an article that was about Ukraine.

SIMON: For example, according to Vitaly, there was an incident in which a group of pro-Russian rebels had taken over a school in Ukraine, essentially holding the kids hostage. And when the pro-Ukrainian soldiers, when they—when they stormed the school, children died.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: Now this actually happened, and was covered by Ukrainian media.

CHARLES MAYNES: But Anna, as I recall her name is ...

SIMON: Anna, Vitaly's boss.

CHARLES MAYNES: ... says, like, "Look, your goal is to ..."

SIMON: Take this real news story and rewrite it, leaving out the fact that there were ever any pro-Russian troops there, creating the impression that the pro-Ukrainian troops had stormed the school and massacred these children for no reason at all.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: And so, once he had re-written this article, and made these small changes ...

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: He would create a website with a dot UA address, this is a Ukraine address.

SIMON: A site that looked like a local online Ukrainian newspaper.

CHARLES MAYNES: Ostensibly written by Ukrainians, for a Ukrainian audience.

SIMON: So he's being asked to write about Ukraine as if he was writing from Ukraine

CHARLES MAYNES: Yes, exactly. Exactly.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: And Vitaly, the way he describes it, while he's working on his newspapers involving events in Ukraine, pretending to be a Ukrainian journalist, he's citing blogs that are written ostensibly by Ukrainians, and he's pretty sure that blogger's upstairs in the next level up inside this building in St Petersburg. So it's a feedback loop.

SIMON: Mm-hmm.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: Well, and so I'm presuming on day one, you've shown up there with these high-minded journalistic ideals, and you have to realize that you've gotten yourself into something that in no way lives up to those ideals. How on Earth did that feel?

CHARLES MAYNES: [speaking Russian]

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: This is where he gets to this really important moment where he's trying to decide what to do. And he says to himself that he had kind of two thoughts, which is A) you get out of there and never come back; or B) you do go back and you find out more. What—what's going on there? And he gets this idea that you know what? Maybe I've got a scoop here. Maybe I can do an investigation.

JAD: He sort of assigned himself to be kind of an undercover agent.

CHARLES MAYNES: Exactly.

SIMON: Okay, just to, just to zoom out here for a second, the job that Vitaly had taken was with an organization known as ...

[NEWS CLIP: The Internet Research Agency.]

[NEWS CLIP: Something called the Internet Research Agency.]

[NEWS CLIP: The Internet Research Agency.]

SIMON: The Internet Research Agency.

[NEWS CLIP: The shadowy Russian organization.]

SIMON: Which we've heard so much about in these past 72 hours. It's a private company, established in 2013 by a Putin ally named ...

[NEWS CLIP: Yevgeny Prigozhin.]

SIMON: ... Yevgeny Prigozhin.

[NEWS CLIP: A Russian businessman with close ties to Vladimir Putin.]

SIMON: Who, along with being the bearer of a rather strange nickname ...

[NEWS CLIP: Dubbed chef to president Vladimir Putin.]

SIMON: ... is also one the Russian nationals mentioned in the Mueller indictment. Now in the early days when Vitaly was working there, it was his impression that there were roughly a couple hundred people working at the Internet Research Agency. But at its peak, the organization grew to employ as many as a thousand people.

[NEWS CLIP: With an annual budget of millions of dollars, headed by a management group, and arranged into departments, including graphics, search engine optimization, information technology and finance departments.]

SIMON: Now as Vitaly told us, it was hard to know exactly what happened in this place, because everyone was so silent. But over his time there, he was able to make sense of some of it. The first floor was filled with people just like Vitaly, writing fake articles for fake sites. Second floor was known as the social media department, and these folks were responsible for pumping out memes like the one where Hillary Clinton is shaking hands with the devil. The third floor was filled with people writing fake blogs, the same blogs that Vitaly would pull quotes from. And on the fourth floor you'd find the YouTube and Facebook commenting trolls—along with the cafeteria.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: This was a 24/7 operation. They never—they never stopped making news, they never stopped generating content.

SIMON: Well, and who were your coworkers?

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: There were quite a few people from other towns of Russia that moved to St. Petersburg. There were some people he said were frankly, you know, activists in the opposition. But there were a lot of people that, you know, they'd check in, they'd check out for work. They just punch the clock. And for them it was just like mopping a floor or, you know, taking out the trash.

SIMON: Did you feel some guilt, or misgivings about what you were doing?

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: Yeah, he describes being stressed out during this whole period, because while he was on the one hand, I suppose, he's gathering good material for what will hopefully be some, you know, grand expose that he will write, on the other hand he just felt like he was just living this lie.

SIMON: Eventually, after three and a half months, Vitaly did quit. And as he tells it, he'd had enough, and just didn't feel like he could learn anything else. And so, with his months of research, he went on to write an article in Russia that really didn't make a splash at all, in part because the Internet Research Agency was already a pretty well-known organization in Russia at that time. Essentially, other journalists had just beaten him to the punch. But then in the wake of the 2016 election, with accusations of Russian meddling beginning to swirl ...

[NEWS CLIP: Tonight, a look inside Russia's disinformation campaign, from 26-year-old Vitaly Bespalov.]

SIMON: ... the American media took notice, and Vitaly got a call from NBC.

[ARCHIVE CLIP, journalist: Is this it? This is the building?]

[ARCHIVE CLIP, Vitaly Bespalov: Yes, yes, yes. Yes, of course.]

[ARCHIVE CLIP, journalist: The troll factory]

SIMON: With his eyebrow pierced and a pink sweater on, Vitaly answered questions for this brief evening news segment.

[ARCHIVE CLIP, journalist: Did you create fake accounts?]

[ARCHIVE CLIP, Vitaly Bespalov: [speaking Russian]]

[ARCHIVE CLIP, journalist: Yes, he says. So you believe this operation was backed by the Kremlin?]

[ARCHIVE CLIP, Vitaly Bespalov: [speaking Russian]]

[ARCHIVE CLIP, journalist: Absolutely, he says. Bespalov also believes it's still up and running. The Kremlin denies it, suggesting reports the factory even existed might be fake.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: And from that moment on, he really became to go-to guy if you wanted to talk to somebody who had worked inside. Journalists from all over the world started reaching out to him ...

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

SIMON: ... asking for interviews or comments. And keep in mind, they're all international journalists, none of them Russian, until one day not long after all this ...

CHARLES MAYNES: Yeah, so he gets a call from this national television channel saying basically in an hour we're gonna run a story about you and we really want you to come on our talk show.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: And he said, "Look, I'm busy, I'm working, I can't do it." So they run with this piece.

[NEWS CLIP: [Russian news broadcast]]

SIMON: In this TV studio on this set that looked like a cross between sort of the Family Feud and an evening news broadcast ...

[NEWS CLIP: [Russian news broadcast]]

SIMON: ... the hosts just start picking Vitaly apart and flashing images of him on this giant screen behind them.

[NEWS CLIP: [Russian news broadcast]]

CHARLES MAYNES: And what they've got is they kind of mine his online persona. They've got, you know, him hanging out in a—in a club, making funny faces with the camera.

[NEWS CLIP: [Russian news broadcast]]

CHARLES MAYNES: They start kind of digging through his political views, the fact that he's a supporter of the liberal opposition.

[NEWS CLIP: [Russian news broadcast]]

CHARLES MAYNES: You know, and they just make him out to be this kind of freak. And they're all laughing at him and, you know, it's just an absolute public flogging, a total public humiliation.

SIMON: Wow. Well, he got caught in his own little misinformation loop there at the very end.

CHARLES MAYNES: Yeah. Yeah, that's right.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: You know, what's interesting is that Vitaly, you know, the way he describes is that, you know, in some ways when he was there, it was—they were just starting to figure out the mechanisms, it was getting more sophisticated. And as he's leaving, his time is ending at the Internet Research Agency, he says that there was just about this time that he started seeing these posts for vacancies in other languages.

SIMON: Including English.

VITALY BESPALOV: [speaking Russian]

CHARLES MAYNES: So in a way, for him, it's this moment where he sees the troll farm, the troll factory, suddenly turning outward.

SIMON: Well, now, three years later, we know a bit more about this English initiative.

[ARCHIVE CLIP: In 2014, the company established a translator project focused on the United States. In July of 2016 more than 80 employees were assigned to the translator project.]

SIMON: And many of those employees apparently took some of the moves from their Ukraine info-war playbook and used them, pointed them, at the US.

[ARCHIVE CLIP: The Russians also recruited and paid real Americans to engage in political activities, promote political campaigns and stage political rallies. The defendants and their co-conspirators pretended to be grassroots activists.]

SIMON: In fact, I spoke to one reporter who told me about this incident in Houston, when there were two protests happening at the same time. On one side of the street a white nationalist protest, and on the other, a group of Americans for Muslims. Turns out both protests were covertly organized by Russians connected to the Internet Research Agency.

[NEWS CLIP: According to the indictment, the Americans did not know that they were communicating with Russians.]

SIMON: And it was this phrase, out of all of the ludicrous revelations of the indictment, that really got us thinking: Who were these unknowing Americans? How did they end up at these fake protests, and how do they think about it now? So producer Annie McEwen and I, we started calling around, and we found three people at the center of one of the more famous fake protests mentioned in the indictment, the so-called Florida flash mob.

JAD: We'll hear all about that after the break. This is Radiolab, we'll continue in a moment.

[LISTENER: Hi, there. This is Kirsten recording from Orlando, Florida. Radiolab is supported in part by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, enhancing public understanding of science and technology in the modern world. More information about Sloan at www.sloan.org.]

JAD: This is Radiolab. I'm Jad Abumrad. So after those indictments came down against the three Russian companies and thirteen Russian nationals who are accused of, you know, creating fake protests across the country, our producers Simon Adler and Annie McEwen got interested to try and locate some people who had gone to these protests and maybe unwittingly took part in what was a covert Russian operation. And they managed to find three people.

SIMON: All right, you can hear me?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Yes, I can hear you fine.

ANNIE MCEWEN: First up a woman named ...

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Anne-Marie Margaret Thomas.

ANNIE: Who lives in Florida.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: I live in Jupiter, Florida currently.

ANNIE: Anne is in her 50s. She works as a real estate agent. And also ...

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: [singing] Oh Shenandoah, I long to see you, And hear your rolling rivers.

ANNIE: ... a singer.

SIMON: Wow, beautiful!

ANNIE: She's also a huge Trump fan, very active on Twitter. And in early August 2016, she was contacted first on Twitter, then over phone, by two guys.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Joshua and Matt. UCLA students. They said they were working with Hollywood producers.

ANNIE: Matt and Josh. And these are two people from Hollywood?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Probably the film school, right? I don't know. They didn't give me that much information.

ANNIE: But on the phone, Anne thought Joshua's voice sounded familiar.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: And I'd better not—I shouldn't say who I think it is.

SIMON: Who did you think it was? Come on, just who—yeah, I'm really curious.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Who do I think it is? John Christopher.

ANNIE: Who's that?

SIMON: Yeah, who's John Christopher?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: His real—his stage name is Yanni.

SIMON: Huh!

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Yanni the musician.

JAD: Wait, this is Yanni, the, like, orchestra new age, piano god guy?

ANNIE: Yeah. Yeah, but I think she's just guessing. There's no actual evidence linking Yanni to any of this.

SIMON: What was the organization that they were working with?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: They—this was the March for Trump group. And they were a grassroots organization started in the United States, Texas and California.

SIMON: What did they ask you? Or what did they say when they contacted you?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Well, they were—they said they were wanting to do rallies, and the Hollywood people wanted to hire. They actually wanted to hire three actors—one to play Trump, one to play Bill Clinton and one to play Hillary.

SIMON: Interesting.

ANNIE: They basically told her that they wanted her to do this, like, performance art theater protest type thing. Now at the same time she was talking to these guys, on the other side of Palm Beach County ...

HARRY MILLER: I'm Harry Miller. I'm retired, I'm active on Twitter, to a point.

ANNIE: Another Trump fan, a guy by the name of Harry Miller who had a pretty big following.

HARRY MILLER: 60-70,000. Somewhere in there.

ANNIE: He also got contacted on Twitter, and over the phone.

HARRY MILLER: There was a conversation about the desire to put on a—something like a flash mob or something in supporting Donald Trump.

SIMON: Sorry, who was it that contacted you?

HARRY MILLER: I believe his name was Matt.

SIMON: What did Matt say in his original sort of communication?

HARRY MILLER: This is extremely paraphrased, because I don't have a distinct memory of all of it. And initially I was very suspect of him. And the reason I was suspect is because he had a strong accent, and at the time there was a lot of commotion about Muslims. And I thought he was some Muslim of some kind, and was trying to set something up.

ANNIE: What did his voice sound like?

HARRY MILLER: It wasn't like you, you know, or an American. You know, it wasn't articulate. It was—it was broken.

SIMON: And so he—he said he wanted a flash mob, and what did he—what did he say he wanted you to do?

HARRY MILLER: He was asking me about making a trailer with a jail type of thing on it.

ANNIE: Essentially, the guy with the accent told him "I want you to stage an event where you have a cage—and you're gonna need to build this cage—but you're gonna have this cage, and at the event there will be a Hillary Clinton impersonator and a Bill Clinton impersonator, and I want you to put them in the cage like you're putting them in jail. And you should do this outside so that lots of people can see you and they can chant 'Lock her up! Lock her up!' And you should take lots of photos and lots of videos and you should send them to us."

HARRY MILLER: And I did eventually say yes, because he had an elaborate website, and he told me he was part of a big group of people. And I went there ...

SIMON: Do you remember the name of the website?

MILLER: Being Patriotic. It's dismantled according to the FBI now. In fact, I tried to pull it up and I can't get it either. What was odd is that they insisted on paying me.

SIMON: How did they end up paying for it?

HARRY MILLER: They sent me to a check-cashing place

ANNIE: And how much money was it?

HARRY MILLER: I found an estimate. And I had written an estimate around $505 for it.

ANNIE: Mm-hmm.

HARRY MILLER: But it did come from out of the country, I do recall that.

SIMON: Can you describe what this—once the construction was complete, what your truck looked like?

HARRY MILLER: Yeah, I have an F-350 Ford pickup truck.

SIMON: Big truck.

HARRY MILLER: Yeah. And I built a chain-link fence, three sides and then one side with a gate. And on the four corners I had the American flags, of course. And there was a lot of talk about who was gonna go in the cage.

ANNIE: Mm-hmm.

HARRY MILLER: And he said, "Oh, we'll hire some actors."

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: No one would play Trump. No one would play him.

ANNIE: Anne says the two, quote, "UCLA guys" suggested that she play Hillary. And she agreed.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: And I made the costume. I made the costume out of a nurse's outfit, and on the back it said "inmate." [laughs] So I went to the Hollywood mask store and I bought a full-head mask of Hillary.

SIMON: And so what were—like, you're told to—what were you told? Show up at this place at this time and this date, and you just did it?

HARRY MILLER: I don't know if you know Palm Beach, but it was City Place in front of the Cheesecake Factory where this happened.

ANNIE: Harry was told to show up August 20, 1:00 pm, outside the Cheesecake Factory. That's where this was gonna go down.

HARRY MILLER: Well, that was another thing. I kept asking, "Are you gonna be there? Who's gonna run this thing? Where do I go?" "Oh, no. You just go to City Place. They'll know."

ANNIE: So he shows up in front of the Cheesecake Factory with his truck, with the big cage he'd built on that back. And sure enough, there were people there.

[ARCHIVE CLIP: Lock her up! Lock her up! Lock her up!]

ANNIE: Including Anne, dressed up as Hillary Clinton.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: We were given a script.

SIMON: What were your lines, do you remember?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: [laughs] I was supposed to—let me see. Well, we were—I was supposed to talk about my computer tablet and my emails. And then I was supposed to tell some jokes.

ANNIE: She was there with her very good friend Greg, who she convinced to be the Bill Clinton impersonator.

GREG NORTH: I sort of needed the money at the time, so ...

SIMON: What did you do, Greg, to prepare to play the part of Bill Clinton?

GREG NORTH: I had to shave.

ANNIE: You had to shave?

SIMON: Do you normally have, like, a mustache or something?

GREG NORTH: I had to shave once, back in the '70s. And then I shaved again with—when Jerry Garcia died and then I shaved when I had to play Bill Clinton.

SIMON: Wait, you've shaved, like, three times in your life?

GREG NORTH: That's about it.

SIMON: How did it feel to be in this cage along with Anne, and be this sort of strange actor in this moving play?

GREG NORTH: Well first off, it was hot. And I was in a dark blue suit, and it was August, and it's Florida so it's like 94 degrees. And all I could think of was I wanted a beer.

ANNIE: [laughs] That makes sense.

GREG NORTH: And I just wanted it to be over.

ANNIE: So you didn't have very much fun or ...

GREG NORTH: No, it wasn't a whole lot of fun. It was just work.

ANNIE: Right. Was Annie having fun?

GREG NORTH: Yeah, I guess she was.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Bill was supposed to find a lady, that would be, like, standing around, like a news lady, and try to flirt with her.

[ARCHIVE CLIP: Hey, Bill. Don't look now, but I just seen Monica.]

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: And they put us in jail.

GREG NORTH: And they sat in the cage for a while.

ANNIE: What you see in the Facebook live video is a few dozen people in the parking lot outside the Cheesecake Factory. They're just standing around the cage with Annie inside of it, who was pretending to be sad about being locked up.

GREG NORTH: She was pretty good. She could have been an actress. You know, she looked exasperated and, you know, all that. We spent the day doing that. Took a lot of pictures, had a good time.

ANNIE: Pictures, of course, ended up on social media. And according to Harry ...

HARRY MILLER: That thing on Twitter got over 500,000 hits in 24 hours, you know?

SIMON: You're aware that much of the mainstream media at the moment is reporting that this was a Russian—like, how does it make you feel that there is now this possibility that you were ...

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Oh yeah, the FBI came here to talk to me about it, okay?

SIMON: When did you speak with the FBI?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Oh, they came to my house.

SIMON: Yeah, how long ago?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Last week.

SIMON: What did they ask you?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Well, they discussed with me pretty much what you were discussing with me, but not in as much depth as you did. The young guy was kind of unexperienced. He was cuter than Christian Bale, too! [laughs]

ANNIE: Cuter than Christian Bale!

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: He was a young guy.

ANNIE: We reached out to the FBI. They responded with no comment.

SIMON: Are you concerned that you may be part—like, that you may have been used as a puppet by people in St. Petersburg?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: No, I wasn't used as a puppet.

SIMON: But would you have done it had they not reached out to you in the first place?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Well, I wanted to help Trump.

SIMON: But this is a situation where our own federal government is telling you that this has essentially become an inter-state conflict where Russia intentionally manipulated people. Do you find that troubling?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Well, we're not all that stupid, Harry Miller and me, and his wife, a veteran. No, we're not that stupid. You know, this whole thing is being investigated and I'm, like, known as the unwitting real American.

ANNIE: So she's referring to a word that Rod Rosenstein used in a press conference when he announced these indictments. He said that these Russians ...

[ARCHIVE CLIP, Rod Rosenstein: They established social media pages and groups to communicate with unwitting Americans.]

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Unwitting? I'm the one whose idea it was to put the date of Benghazi on the prison uniform. I'm not unwitting. And I'm not a Russian. I'm an American. And I decided that I didn't want to vote for Hillary.

SIMON: Yeah. And I guess I'm not saying you're stupid at all. I think what's interesting here is I don't think you or Greg North or Harry Miller, I think that you all had really good intentions, that you believed in this man and you wanted to go out and support him. And I think what gets complicated here now is that we find out that even though you supported this man, and maybe at the end of the day you helped him win, that there was some nefarious work going on behind the scenes that led you to do this. And I—I would have complicated feelings about that. And I'm just trying to figure out whether you do or don't.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: No, because I do not believe that would be the case for the people that I dealt with. I did not think it was a Russian movement.

SIMON: I've got an article up here in front of me, and in the indictment they refer to Matt Skiber, who I think is the Hollywood man that you talked to, they refer to him as ...

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: No, he was from Texas and he went to UCLA.

SIMON: Okay, excuse me.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: And he was involved to a certain point, and then he said he was going home.

SIMON: Yeah I'm looking at a document right here saying that Matt Skiber is an invented person.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: I—well, maybe that's an invented name, but I—he was a young guy, and he sounded like what he said he was. Maybe he did give me a bogus name.

SIMON: But you don't believe he was working for Russia?

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: Well, I don't know, because if he lied about his name, who knows? That's what he told me. He said his name was Matt and he was a UCLA student. And the email that I had was this Josh, Josh Milton.

SIMON: I'll let you know that Josh Milton they're saying is also a made-up person.

ANNE-MARIE MARGARET THOMAS: You know, but I might be wrong. But I'm not always—I'm not usually wrong.

HARRY MILLER: I think it's hilarious, I really do, because then obviously what happened from what I gather from this is I was the one dealing with the Russians, not Trump. How about that one? [laughs]

ANNIE: What do you think about that? How does it make you feel?

HARRY MILLER: I think it's silly, because, you know, I don't think I'm stupid but I don't see a real motive here on how this could change any votes. And they're claiming it disrupted the election? Where does this interfere with our elections? I don't know. I don't know how that could be. I really—but again, had they not contacted me, I never in my whole life would have been up there in a cage on that corner saying, "Lock her up."

ANNIE: And Harry says he understands that what the invisible men on the other end of the phone seemed to want was to create a visual stunt, one that they could then take on the road.

HARRY MILLER: They wanted me to go to New York.

ANNIE: Oh, they did? They wanted you to bring the cage to New York?

HARRY MILLER: Yeah, and I told them I would, too. I was not adverse to that.

ANNIE: And the whole thing to him was it just didn't matter if it were Russians or not. But Anne's friend Greg, the guy who played Bill Clinton, he thinks about the whole thing very differently.

GREG NORTH: Well, had I known that I was working for the Russians, I would have asked for a lot more money.

SIMON: [laughs] Okay.

GREG NORTH: But I have never felt good about the thing, because I might have had a little bit of influence on Donald Trump being elected, and I think that was a mistake for America. Annie doesn't feel that way but I do.

SIMON: So is the feeling almost a sort of guilt?

GREG NORTH: I'm not—I don't feel guilty. I was being paid to do a job and I did the job and I did the job to the best of my ability. And people told me that I did the job well, okay?

SIMON: Well, so how does it feel to know that you were sort of used?

GREG NORTH: I find it a little irritating. Nobody likes to be used.

ANNIE: 'Irritating' to me feels like a bit of a mild word for how I might feel.

GREG NORTH: Well, I don't know. I'm thinking that this might be played on the radio, so I can't really use the words that I'd like to use. I'm pissed as shit.

SIMON: Well, and it sounds like you and Anne have very different interpretations of whether Russia was involved or not. Does that get between your relationship?

GREG NORTH: Well, let's see. Do I love Annie? Yes I do, very very much. Do we see eye to eye on everything? No we don't.

SIMON: We all do crazy things for love. Even dress up like Bill Clinton, shave our beards and go in a prison cage.

GREG NORTH: Well, I've done crazier things than that, but I feel duped as an American. Not by the Russians but by my fellow Americans.

ANNIE: Hmm.

GREG NORTH: The Russians can't come here and vote. We voted the way we wanted to vote. And I don't know if I'm making any sense or not.

SIMON: Yeah it sounds a little bit like you're saying that what's frustrating is the fact that it wasn't actually Russia that started the fire, they were just blowing on it and making it a little worse. But the truly disheartening fact is that the fire was ignited here, without Russia.

GREG NORTH: Yeah. Yeah, that's exactly what I'm trying to say. I mean, I can't—I can't—I can't talk about this anymore. Call back sometime. Just call back sometime I've got something to say about everything. I'm an old man.

ANNIE: [laughs] Okay, good. Well, we'll make use of that.

SIMON: All right, Greg.

GREG NORTH: Okay. Thank you very much.

SIMON: Thank you, man.

ANNIE: Bye bye.

GREG NORTH: Bye now.

JAD: This piece was produced by Simon Adler and Annie McEwen. We had reporting assistance from Becca Bressler and Charles Maynes.Very special thanks to Casey Michel and Lara Isensey. And of course, to Yanni. I'm Jad Abumrad. Thank you guys for listening.

[LISTENER: This is Molly Mutick from Phoenix, Arizona. Radiolab was created by Jad Abumrad and is produced by Soren Wheeler. Dylan Keefe is our director of sound design. Maria Matasar-Padilla is our managing director. Our staff includes: Simon Adler, Becca Bressler, Rachael Cusick, David Gebel, Bethel Habte, Tracie Hunte, Matt Kielty, Robert Krulwich, Annie McEwen, Latif Nasser, Malissa O'Donnell, Arianne Wack, Pat Walters and Molly Webster. With help from Amanda Aronczyk, Shima Oliaee, Nya Hughes, Jake Arlo, Nigar Fatale and Phoebe Wang. Our fact checker is Michelle Harris.]

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